Bhagavad Gita Chapter 4, Verse 1: The Ancient Lineage of This Yoga

In Bhagavad Gita 4.1, Krishna reveals that he taught this imperishable yoga to Vivasvan, the sun god, who passed it to Manu, and Manu to Ikshvaku.

Sanskrit Verse

Bhagavad Gita 4.1 · Chapter 4, Jnana Karma Sannyasa Yoga

श्रीभगवानुवाच · The Blessed Lord said

इमं विवस्वते योगं
प्रोक्तवानहमव्ययम्
विवस्वान्मनवे प्राह
मनुरिक्ष्वाकवेऽब्रवीत् ॥ ४-१ ॥

imaṃ vivasvate yogaṃ
proktavānahamavyayam
vivasvānmanave prāha
manurikṣvākave’bravīt

English transliteration imam vivasvate yogam
proktavaanahamavyayam
vivasvaanmanave praaha
manurikshvaakave’braveet ॥ 4.1 ॥

Translation / Meaning

The Blessed Lord said: I taught this imperishable yoga to Vivasvan; Vivasvan taught it to Manu, and Manu taught it to Ikshvaku.

In one line: This yoga is ancient and imperishable, handed down from the dawn of humanity.

Word Meanings

Word Meaning
इमम् imam this
विवस्वते vivasvate to Vivasvān (the sun god)
योगम् yogam yoga
प्रोक्तवान् proktavān taught
अहम् aham I
अव्ययम् avyayam imperishable
विवस्वान् vivasvān Vivasvān
मनवे manave to Manu
प्राह prāha taught
मनुः manuḥ Manu
इक्ष्वाकवे ikṣvākave to Ikṣvāku
अब्रवीत् abravīt taught

Word-wise Chanting

Metre: Anuṣṭubh (śloka) · 4 pādas of 8 syllables

  1. i–maṃ vi–vas–va–te yo–gaṃ 8 syllables i-mam vi-vas-va-te yo-gam
  2. prok–ta–vā–na–ha–mav–ya–yam | 8 syllables prok-ta-vaa-na-ha-mav-ya-yam
  3. vi–vas–vān–ma–na–ve prā–ha 8 syllables vi-vas-vaan-ma-na-ve praa-ha
  4. ma–nu–rikṣ–vā–ka–ve–‘bra–vīt || 4-1 8 syllables ma-nu-riksh-vaa-ka-ve-‘bra-veet
How to read this

How to chant: each line is one pāda (quarter-verse); chant it in one breath. The hyphen (-) divides the syllables, inside a word and across a sandhi join, so every pāda shows its 8 syllables (11 in triṣṭubh verses). A consonant cluster is divided after its first consonant (kar-ma, vet-ti): that syllable is held longer. Mark above a syllable: guru, long (two beats); laghu, short (one beat). | closes the half-verse, || the verse; the number is the syllable count of the pāda.

Deeper Explanation – Chapter 4 Verse 1

Context

Chapter 4, the Yoga of Knowledge and Renunciation of Action, opens with Krishna placing his teaching in an ancient line of transmission.

Meaning

Krishna tells Arjuna that the yoga he is teaching is not new. It was first given to Vivasvan, the sun, then to Manu, father of humanity and lawgiver, and then to Ikshvaku, founder of the solar dynasty of kings. The teaching is avyaya, imperishable: it belongs to the foundation of human order itself.

The verse gives the Gita’s teaching great authority and continuity. Wisdom is not invented by each generation; it is received, lived and passed on. It also introduces a mystery: Krishna speaks as one who existed at the dawn of time, preparing for the revelation of his divine nature in the verses to come.

In Practice

Think of a piece of wisdom that came to you through a teacher, parent or tradition. Honour it today by living it, and passing it on.

Continue Your Study

This verse belongs to Chapter 4: Jnana Karma Sannyasa Yoga (Knowledge and Renunciation of Action). Read the chapter overview, browse every verse of the Gita, or return to the chapter-by-chapter guide. For a reading plan, see how to study the Bhagavad Gita and the study resources.