Bhagavad Gita Chapter 11, Verse 17: A Mass of Radiance, Hard to Behold

In Bhagavad Gita 11.17, Arjuna says he sees Krishna with crown, mace and discus, a mass of radiance shining everywhere, hard to look at, blazing like fire and sun, immeasurable.

Sanskrit Verse

Bhagavad Gita 11.17 · Chapter 11, Vishvarupa Darshana Yoga

अर्जुन उवाच · Arjuna said

किरीटिनं गदिनं चक्रिणं च
तेजोराशिं सर्वतो दीप्तिमन्तम्
पश्यामि त्वां दुर्निरीक्ष्यं समन्ताद्
दीप्तानलार्कद्युतिमप्रमेयम् ॥ ११-१७ ॥

kirīṭinaṃ gadinaṃ cakriṇaṃ ca
tejorāśiṃ sarvato dīptimantam
paśyāmi tvāṃ durnirīkṣyaṃ samantād
dīptānalārkadyutimaprameyam

English transliteration kireetinam gadinam chakrinam cha
tejoraashim sarvato deeptimantam
pashyaami tvaam durnireekshyam samantaad
deeptaanalaarkadyutimaprameyam ॥ 11.17 ॥

Translation / Meaning

I see You with crown, mace and discus, a mass of radiance shining everywhere, hard to behold on all sides, blazing like burning fire and the sun, immeasurable.

In one line: The Divine is a mass of radiance, blazing like fire and sun, beyond all measure.

Word Meanings

Word Meaning
किरीटिनम् kirīṭinam with crown
गदिनम् gadinam with mace
चक्रिणम् cakriṇam with discus
च ca and
तेजोराशिम् tejorāśim a mass of radiance tejaḥ (radiance) + rāśim (mass)
सर्वतः sarvataḥ everywhere
दीप्तिमन्तम् dīptimantam shining
पश्यामि paśyāmi I see
त्वाम् tvām You
दुर्निरीक्ष्यम् durnirīkṣyam hard to behold
समन्तात् samantāt on all sides
दीप्तानलार्कद्युतिम् dīptānalārkadyutim blazing like burning fire and the sun dīpta (burning) + anala (fire) + arka (sun) + dyutim (brilliance)
अप्रमेयम् aprameyam immeasurable

Word-wise Chanting

Metre: Triṣṭubh · 4 pādas of 11 syllables

  1. ki–rī–ṭi–naṃ ga–di–naṃ cak–ri–ṇaṃ ca 11 syllables ki-ree-ti-nam ga-di-nam chak-ri-nam cha
  2. te–jo–rā–śiṃ sar–va–to dīp–ti–man–tam | 11 syllables te-jo-raa-shim sar-va-to deep-ti-man-tam
  3. paś–yā–mi tvāṃ dur–ni–rīkṣ–yaṃ sa–man–tād 11 syllables pash-yaa-mi tvaam dur-ni-reeksh-yam sa-man-taad
  4. dīp–tā–na–lār–kad–yu–ti–map–ra–me–yam || 11-17 11 syllables deep-taa-na-laar-kad-yu-ti-map-ra-me-yam
How to read this

How to chant: each line is one pāda (quarter-verse); chant it in one breath. The hyphen (-) divides the syllables, inside a word and across a sandhi join, so every pāda shows its 8 syllables (11 in triṣṭubh verses). A consonant cluster is divided after its first consonant (kar-ma, vet-ti): that syllable is held longer. Mark above a syllable: guru, long (two beats); laghu, short (one beat). | closes the half-verse, || the verse; the number is the syllable count of the pāda.

Deeper Explanation – Chapter 11 Verse 17

Context

Arjuna continues to describe the vision (11.15–11.31).

Meaning

Arjuna recognises the familiar emblems of Viṣṇu: crown, mace and discus. Yet the form is a tejo-rāśi, a vast mass of light, durnirīkṣya, almost impossible to look at, blazing like fire and the sun. It is aprameya, beyond all measure.

Even familiar sacred symbols are transformed in the vision. Behind every form of the Divine we know lies an infinite radiance.

In Practice

When you see a familiar sacred image today, remember the infinite radiance it represents.

Continue Your Study

This verse belongs to Chapter 11: Vishvarupa Darshana Yoga (The Vision of the Universal Form). Read the chapter overview, browse every verse of the Gita, or return to the chapter-by-chapter guide. For a reading plan, see how to study the Bhagavad Gita and the study resources.